优秀女子举重运动员抓举成绩与运动学参数的相关回归分析

摘要

为了分析优秀女子举重运动员抓举技术运动学参数与成绩的相关性，发现与抓举成绩显著相关的运动学指标，并建立与抓举成绩的多元线性回归方程。采用德国Simi Motion 9.01三维录像解析系统，对2013年全国举重锦标赛15名我国优秀女子举重运动员（48~58 kg）成功的抓举动作进行三维分析。结果显示：1）提铃伸膝阶段髋变化幅度（ r =0.438）和提铃伸膝阶段杠铃上升高度百分比（ r =0.436）与抓举成绩呈低度显著正相关；提铃伸膝阶段杠铃上升高度（r =0.627）、发力阶段躯干变化幅度（r =0.597）和杠铃垂直速度最大值（r =0.571）与抓举成绩呈中度显著正相关；提铃引膝阶段杠铃前后摆动距离（ r =-0.626）、杠铃最高点杠铃与肩关节水平距离（r =-0.644）、下蹲支撑阶段时间（r =-0.500）和发力阶段时间（r =-0.627）与抓举呈中度显著负相关；2）抓举回归方程Y =104.550-80.741χ1+291.721χ2-2.350χ3-0.359χ4+24.832χ5（χ1：铃最高瞬间杠铃与肩关节水平距离，χ2：伸膝提铃杠铃上升高度，χ3：伸膝提铃杠铃前后摆动距离，χ4：伸膝提铃躯干变化，χ5：惯性上升杠铃上升高度）。%In order to analyze the correlation between snatch performance and kinematics parameters, find out the kinematics indicators influencing snatch performance,and establish a multiple linear re-gression equation for snatch performance,we adopted the German three dimensional video analysis system Simi Motions 9. 01 to analyze the snatch movements of 15 women weightlifters(48-58 kg) who participated in the National Championship 2013 . Results:1 )At the phase of lifting barbell and stretching knees,the rangeability of the hip and the percentage of the height of barbell lift had minu-ent significantly positive correlation with snatch performance;the height of barbell lift at the phase of lifting barbell and stretching knees,the swing distance of the barbell at the phase of preparation,the rangeability of the trunk at the phase of exerting force,and the maximum vertical speed had moder-ate significant positive correlation with snatch performance;the parallel distance between barbell and shoulder joint,the time of the crouch supporting phase,and the time of force-exerting phase had moderate significantly negative correlation with snatch performance;2 )the linear regression equa-tion for snatch performance:Y =104 . 550 -80 . 741χ1 +291 . 721χ2 -2 . 350χ3 -0 . 359χ4 +24 . 832χ5(χ1:the parallel distance between barbell and shoulder joint when the barbell was lifted to the highest point,χ2:the height of barbell lift at the phase of lifting barbell and stretching knees,χ3:the swing distance of the barbell at the phase of lifting barbell and stretching knees,χ4:the rangeability of the trunk at the phase of lifting barbell and stretching knees,χ5:the height of barbell lift caused by inertia).