超声场中声压与空化对冰晶分裂的影响

摘要

In order to clarify the mechanism of secondary nucleation of iceinduced by ultrasound, experiments on ice crystals in degassed sucrose solutions and untreated solutions have been carried out using a novel ultrasonic cold stage device. For each experiment, the ultrasonic waves operated at a power output of 120W. The results show that the ice dendrite crystals growing in a sucrose solution can be broken up into smaller fragments when ultrasound was applied for 2 s, but the pre-existing ice dendrite crystals in a degassed sucrose solution are still unbroken when ultrasound was applied for 6 s. These findings confirm that cavitation induced by ultrasound is a major factor for the fragmentation of ice crystals.%为了探讨超声波强化冰晶二次成核的机理,利用自行研制的超声波冷却实验台,研究了超声波对未脱气蔗糖稀溶液和脱气蔗糖稀溶液中树枝状冰晶体的影响.实验结果表明:未脱气蔗糖稀溶液中的树枝状冰晶体受超声波辐射2s后已发生分裂,而脱气溶液中的树枝状冰晶体受功率相同的超声波辐射6s后却仍未分裂.说明超声场中冰晶发生分裂的主要原因是空化效应,而不是超声波在溶液中传播所引起的声压.