钴-60伽马射线辐照对甲酸分离玉米芯成分的影响

摘要

采用60Coγ 射线辐照玉米芯至吸收剂量分别为200、400、800 kGy,研究辐照对甲酸分离玉米芯纤维素、木质素和木聚糖的影响,并对甲酸分离获得的纤维素、木质素进行纯度测定和傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析.实验结果表明,随着吸收剂量升高,玉米芯粉碎能耗降低,纤维素和木聚糖降解程度增大,800 kGy 处理后的玉米芯纤维素和木聚糖比对照组(0 kGy)分别下降27.68%和42.19%.随吸收剂量的增加,甲酸分离木质素提取率无显著变化,纤维素提取率降低,木糖提取率升高,200、400、800 kGy 处理后木糖提取率比对照组分别升高14.45%、41.10%和58.63%;纤维素和木质素纯度也随吸收剂量升高而增加,200、400、800 kGy处理后,纤维素纯度比对照组分别升高5.77%、14.53%和18.51%;木质素纯度比对照组分别升高7.50%、16.11%和18.79%.FT-IR 分析表明,随着吸收剂量增加,纤维素结晶指数和木质素中羟基含量均呈下降趋势.结果说明,辐照结合甲酸处理能够有效分离玉米芯三组分,为玉米芯全组分的高效利用提供技术支撑.%Corncob was irradiated to different absorbed doses (200, 400, 800 kGy) to study the effect of 60Co γ-ray irradiation on separation of cellulose, lignin, and xylan from corncob by formic acid. The cellulose and lignin obtained were subjected to purity measurement and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis. The results showed that the energy consumption in crushing corncob decreased, while the degradation degree of cellulose and xylan increased, with increasing absorbed doses. Compared with the control group (0 kGy), corncob cellulose and xylan decreased by 27.68% and 42.19% after irradiation at 800 kGy. With the increase of absorbed doses (200, 400, 800 kGy), the extraction rate of lignin had no significant change, and the extraction rate of corncob cellulose decreased, while that of xylose increased by 14.45%, 41.10%, and 58.63%, respectively; the purity of cellulose increased by 5.77%, 14.53%, and 18.51%, and that of lignin increased by 7.50%, 16.11%, and 18.79%, respectively. The results of FT-IR spectroscopy analysis showed that the cellulose crystallinity and the content of hydroxyl in lignin declined with the absorbed dose increased. It can be concluded that irradiation combined with formic acid treatment can effectively separate cellulose, lignin, and xylan from corncobs and provide technical support for efficient utilization of all components of corncob.