频率分集阵列的距离角度解耦的波束形成

摘要

It has been shown that Frequency Diverse Arrays (FDA) exhibit a range-angle dependent beam steering feature by employing a uniform frequency increment across the array elements. However, this beam pattern generates maxima at multiple range values, possibly leading to loss of signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio when the interferences are located at any of the maxima. Herein, we prove that the beam pattern of FDA is range-periodic and propose the basic criteria for the FDA configuration to decouple the range and angle. In an illuminated space, a single-maximum beam pattern can be obtained by configuring the frequency increment between the elements. Specific examples have been discussed herein, and the simulation results verify the proposed theory.%常规频率分集雷达(FDA)在发射阵元采用均匀的频率间隔,从而可以形成距离-角度耦合的波束方向图.但是该方向图在多个距离上均形成多峰值波束,当干扰位于任一波束最大指向的距离时,将会带来信干噪比损失.针对上述问题,该文通过分析波束形成的表达式,从原理上提出一个关于频率分集雷达阵列配置的基本原则,能够在指定的距离角度范围内,形成单峰值的波束方向图.几种特例和仿真结果均证明了该原则的有效性.