间充质干细胞修复肝损伤的机制及膜微粒的生物治疗潜力

摘要

Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an promising way in the treatment of cirrhosis and liver failure. The possible mechanisms of MSCs in repair of liver injury are as follows:differentiation to hepatocyte-like cells,paracrine and immunomodulatory effects,and signal transmission mediated by microvesicles (MVs). Results from present studies suggest that RNA carried by MVs has emerged as an important mechanism by which the stem cells may repair injured cells and MVs trans-plantation may become a new choice for improving decompensated liver functions. This review will discuss the possible mecha-nisms of intrahepatic transplanted MSCs and the potential of MVs in the treatment of liver injuries.%间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs）移植是治疗肝硬化和肝衰竭的重要方式。MSCs修复肝损伤的机制主要有三种：干细胞分化为肝细胞样细胞，旁分泌作用和免疫调节功能及膜微粒（microvesicles，MVs)介导的信号传递。目前的研究表明，MVs介导的RNAs传递在组织修复中发挥着至关重要的作用，MVs移植可能成为修复肝损伤的一种新方式。本文重点介绍了移植入肝脏的MSCs可能的作用机制和MVs的生物治疗潜力。