不同生长条件下槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量及其比例的研究

摘要

采用田间调查与实验室分析相结合,探讨海南地区不同产量水平、不同生长年限、正常结果与黄化槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量变化规律.结果表明,槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾比例约为1:0.081:0.356.高产组槟榔叶片平均氮含量比中高产组和中产组的分别高10.45%和21.73%;而比低产组槟榔叶片的高了36.86%.正常结果树(低产组槟榔)叶片平均氮含量比黄化组(轻)和黄化组(重)的分别高10.15%和19.49%;黄化组(轻)槟榔叶片平均氮含量比黄化组(重)的高11.61%.高产组槟榔叶片平均磷含量比中高产组和中产组的分别高10.71%和13.64%;而比低产组槟榔叶片的高17.02%.正常结果槟榔(低产组)叶片平均磷含量比黄化组(轻)和黄化组(重)的分别高10.87%和18.48%;黄化组(轻)槟榔叶片平均磷含量比黄化组(重)的高8.5%.高产组槟榔叶片平均钾含量比中高产组和中产组的分别高17.24%和25.00%;而比低产组槟榔叶片的高31.96%.正常结果槟榔(低产组)叶片平均钾含量比黄化组(轻)和黄化组(重)的分别高15.15%和19.42%;黄化组(轻)槟榔叶片平均钾含量比黄化组(重)的高5.03%.不同生长年限槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量有所差异,随着树龄增加,高产组槟榔叶片氮、磷、钾含量比较低产组的高.槟榔叶片氮含量最高,钾次之,磷最低.氮磷钾含量对槟榔产量提高有很大影响,槟榔黄化病可能引起叶片中N、P、K含量降低.%Aimed to analyze the content of N, P and K of betel leaves, the normal leave the ones with yellow leaf disease were collected from fruit-bearing arecanut (Areca catechu L.) with different production levels, at different growth years in Hainan.The results showed the ratio of N∶ P∶ K was 1∶0.081∶0.356 in arecanut leaves.The ayerage N contents in high-yield group(HYG) were 10.45％, 21.73％ and 36.86％ higher than those in middle high-yield (MHYG), middle-yield group(MYG), and low-yield group (LYG), respectively.The average N contents in normal arecanut leaves (low-yield group betel ) were 10.15％ and 19.49％ higher than those in light yellow leaf disease group (LYLDG) and in severe yellow leaf disease group (SYLDG).The average P contents in HYG were 10.71％ and 13.64％ higher than those in MHYG and MYG, respectively, and with 17.02％ higher than those of LYG.The average P contents in normal arecanut leaves (LYG) were 10.87％ and 18.48％ higher than those in LYLDG and in SYLDG.The average K contents in HYG were 17.24％ and 25.00％ higher than those in MHYG and MYG, respectively, and with 31.96％ higher than those of LYG.The average K contents in normal arecanut leaves (LYG) were 15.15％ and 19.42％ higher than those in LYLDG and in SYLDG; and those were 5.03％ higher in LYLDG than SYLDG.The contents of N, P and K in leaves collected from arecanut at different growth years were different.The content of N in arecanut leaves was the highest, followed by K and P.The contents of N, P, K had a great influence on the arecanut production, and the yellow leaf disease had a negative impact on the arecaunut production.