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土施维生素B6对苹果园土壤微生物多样性的影响

     

摘要

[目的]土壤微生物是影响根系生态环境的重要因素,维生素B6具有提高果实品质的功效.本试验通过高通量测序的方法,研究土施不同剂量维生素B6 (VB6)对土壤微生物多样性的影响,从而揭示土施维生素B6提质功效的机理.[方法]2015年4月,在距富士苹果主干1m处土施不同剂量的维生素B6,同年10月,在撒入维生素B6处采集土样,提取基因组DNA,通过PCR扩增建立文库,通过高通量测序技术并结合相关生物信息学方法,对土壤细菌16S rRNA基因V4+V5区域和真菌ITS1+ITS2区域的丰富度、多样性及群落结构进行检测.[结果]从9个土壤样品中共获得530714个有效细菌序列数和434886个有效真菌序列数,从每个样品中平均可获得1920个细菌群落(OTUs)和374个真菌群落(OTUs),每个样品中有566个相同的细菌群落(OTUs)和73个相同的真菌群落(OTUs),丰富度指数(Ace指数和Chao指数)分析显示,维生素B6 5g/株处理提高了细菌丰富度,其Ace指数显著提高了62.6%,Chao指数显著提高了71.6%,降低了真菌丰富度,其Chao指数显著降低了18.6%,维生素B6 10 g/株处理对细菌和真菌丰富度无显著影响.多样性指数(Simpson指数和Shannon指数)显示,维生素B6 5g/株处理提高了细菌的多样性,其Shannon指数显著提高了22.3%,降低了真菌的多样性,其Simpson和Shannon指数显著降低了29.2%和34.4%,维生素B6 10g/株处理对细菌和真菌的多样性无显著影响.在门分类水平上,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)是优势细菌,其相对丰度之和超过80%,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、接合菌门(Zygomycota)是优势真菌,其相对丰度之和超过98%,维生素B65 g/株处理降低了细菌中拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度,提高了真菌中子囊菌门(Ascomycota)的相对丰度,降低了担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和接合菌门(Zygomycota)的相对丰度,维生素B6 10g/株处理提高了细菌中的变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)的相对丰度,降低了拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)的相对丰度,提高了真菌中担子菌门(Basidiomycota)的相对丰度,降低了接合菌门(Zygomycota)的相对丰度.[结论]维生素B6可以改变土壤中细菌和真菌的丰富度和多样性,改变土壤中门水平的细菌和真菌的相对丰度.维生素B6作为一种良好的根系生态调节剂,具有推广价值.%[Objectives] Microorganisms in soil are important factors affecting root environment,and vitamin B6 can improve fruit quality.This study discussed how vitamin B6 affected soil microbial diversity by means of high-throughput sequencing to reveal the mechanism of improving the soil quality.[Methods] In April 2015,different does of vitamin B6 were applied to Fuji apple root soil 1 meter away from tree trunk.In October 2015,soil samples were collected in the area with vitamin B6,genomic DNA was extracted,and PCR amplification was made to establish libraries.The 16S rRNA genes V4+V5 regions of soil bacteria and fungal ITS1+ITS2 regions were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology,and related biological analysis was conducted to explore the changes of soil bacterial and fungal abundances,diversities and structures.[Results] According to the result of high-throughput sequencing technology,a total of 530714 bacteria effective tags and 434886 fungus effective tags were obtained from 9 soil samples.Also a total of 1920 bacterial operational taxonomic units(OTUs) and 374 fungi OTUs were gotten from each soil sample on average,and 566 bacterial OTUs and 73 fungi OTUs were identical in each soil sample.The richness indices of Ace and Chao showed that the treatment of vitamin B6 5 g/plant increased the abundance of soil bacteria,the indices of Ace was improved by 62.6% and the indices of Chao improved by 71.6% remarkably,and the abundance of soil fungi was reduced,the indices of Chao was reduced by 18.6% remarkably.The treatment of vitamin B6 10 g/plant had no obvious effect on the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi.The analysis showed that the treatment of vitamin B6 5 g/plant increased the diversity of soil bacteria,the indices of Shannon was improved by 22.3%,and the diversity of soil fungi was reduced,the indices of Shannon was reduced by 29.2% and the indices of Shannon was reduced by 34.4% remarkably;the treatment of vitamin B610 g/plant had no obvious effect on the diversity of soil bacteria and fungi.On the classification level of phylum,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Acidobacteria were the dominant bacteria with the total relative abundance over 80%.And Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Zygomycota were dominant fungi with the total relative abundance over 98%.The treatment of 5 g/plant reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes,increased the relative abundance of Ascomycota and reduced the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Zygomycota.And the treatment of vitamin B6 10 g/plant increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria,reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria,increased the relative abundance of Ascomycota and reduced the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Zygomycota.[Conclusions] As a good way of root ecological regulation,vitamin B6 has excellent popularization significance by changing the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria and fungi and the classification level of phylum.

著录项

  • 来源
    《植物营养与肥料学报》|2018年第2期|394-403|共10页
  • 作者单位

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

    山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物学国家重点实验室/山东省高等学校协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    维生素B6; 苹果品质; 高通量测序; 细菌; 真菌;

  • 入库时间 2023-07-25 17:46:44

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