云南曲靖烟区优质烤烟的适宜土壤有效硫和烟叶硫含量研究

摘要

[Objectives] This paper discussed the effects of sulfur content in soil and flue-cured tobacco on the combustion and related indexes,trying to find out the appropriate sulfur content range for production of best flavor in flue-cured tobacco in Qujing area,Yunnan Province.[Methods] From 2009 to 2011,3507 soil and tobacco samples were collected in 9 tobacco planting counties of Qujing area,Yunnan Province.The available sulfur content in soil and the contents of sulfur,potassium and chlorine in tobacco leaves were analyzed.The relationship between the soil sulfur content and the contents of sulfur,potassium,chlorine in leaves,and the relationship between soil available sulfur content with the potassium and chlorine ratio and organic potassium index in tobacco leaves were calculated.[Results] 1) The soil available sulfur contents in Qujing tobacco-growing areas were not uniform.Both the soil available sulfur contents and the tobacco leaf chlorine contents were significantly different among surveyed sites.2) With the increasing of soil available sulfur content,the sulfur content of tobacco leaves increased,showing an extremely significant and positive correlation (P ＜ 0.01).3) Leaf potassium content and organic potassium index were significantly affected by leaf sulfur content.With the increase of sulfur content in tobacco leaves,the potassium content and organic potassium index of tobacco leaf increased first and then decreased.4) The leaf sulfur contents affected the leaf chlorine contents.With the increase of sulfur content in tobacco leaves,the chlorine content of tobacco leaves decreased first and then increased.[Conclusions] To maintain a high content of potassium content and appropriate chlorine content in tobacco leaves,the optimal range of sulfur content in soil is 3.84-48.53 mg/kg,and the appropriate chlorine content in tobacco leaves is 0.3％-0.6％ in Qujing tobacco-growing areas.%[目的]为了探明土壤-烤烟系统硫素对烟草燃烧性指标元素及其有关指数的影响,找出适宜的烟叶硫含量区间,以便指导调控烤烟硫素营养.[方法]选取了2009-2011年间曲靖烟区9个植烟县区的3507份土壤样品和对应的烟叶样品,分析了土壤有效硫含量和烟叶硫、钾和氯含量,研究了土壤有效硫含量与烟叶硫含量以及烟叶硫含量与其钾、氯含量、钾氯比值和有机钾指数的关系.[结果]1)曲靖烟区植烟土壤有效硫含量丰缺不均,土壤有效硫含量和烟叶氯含量变异较大;2)随着土壤有效硫含量的增加,烟叶硫含量递增,且两者之间呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01);3)烟叶硫含量对烟叶钾含量及有机钾指数有重要影响,随着烟叶硫含量的增加,烟叶钾含量和有机钾指数均呈现先增后减的变化趋势;4)烟叶硫含量对烟叶氯含量亦有重要影响,随着烟叶硫含量的增加,烟叶氯含量呈现先降低后增加的变化趋势.[结论]对曲靖烟区而言,要保持较高的烟叶钾含量和较适宜的氯含量,适宜的土壤有效硫和烟叶硫含量范围分别为3.84～48.53 mg/kg和0.3％～0.6％.