贺兰山岩羊冬夏季的上毛显微形态特征比较

摘要

应用光学显微镜和扫描电镜技术,对贺兰山岩羊(Pseu dois nayaur)颈部、背部、腹侧部、腹下部、臀部、腿部、蹄部7个部位冬毛及夏毛形态特征进行观察与比较.结果表明:除过鳞片花纹类型及排列顺序表现出一致性外,贺兰山岩羊7个部位冬毛和夏毛在毛长度、毛伸直长度、卷曲度、毛细度、髓质细度、毛髓质指数上均存在一定差异.贺兰山岩羊上毛髓质指数较高,除蹄部外,其它6个部位保持在90%以上.躯干部毛长度和毛髓质指数显著高于腿部和蹄部(P<0.05),主要起到保温功能.腿部和蹄部杂波型鳞片比例最大,皮质发达,主要起到保护功能.这将为贺兰山岩羊的形态学及物种鉴定研究提供一些基础资料.%We observed the hair of blue sheep ( Pseudois nayaur) in Helan Mountains using optical microscopy and scanning elec-tron microscopy to compare morphology characteristics among neck , back, veutro, abdomen, hip, leg and hoof both in winter and summer .Seven different parts had similarity and consistency in scale types and the order of scale type arrange -ment.While there was difference in hair curled length , hair uncurled length, crimp ratio, medullary diameter of hair, di-ameter of hair , and medullary index of hair .The medullary index of hair in blue sheep was high , in addition to the hoof , the other six parts remained above 90%.The hair length and hair medulla index of the trunk were significantly higher than those of the legs and hooves ( P<0.05) , and the hair of trunk had main function in heat preservation .Legs and hooves , owning the largest proportion of irregular wave scale and cortex , had main function in protection .