石楠锈孢锈菌重寄生现象及其重寄生菌的种类鉴定1）

摘要

研究了昆明地区石楠锈孢锈菌（ Aecidium pourthiaea）上的重寄生现象并对重寄生菌进行了分离、回接验证和鉴定。结果显示：石楠锈孢锈上的重寄生菌在7月底逐渐发生，其自然重寄生率从10月中旬开始快速增长，12月中旬达到高峰。石楠锈孢锈的重寄生菌包括链格孢属（ Alternaria spp．）、拟盘多毛孢属（ Pestalotiopsis spp．）、枝孢属（Cladosporium spp．）、镰刀菌属（Fusarium spp．）、木霉属（Trichoderma sp．）的真菌及粉红单端孢（Tri-chothecium roseum）等多种，其中重寄生效果及对锈菌寄主植物安全性最好的菌株为拟盘多毛孢属的SYP22菌株和枝孢属的SYC23菌株。%We observed the hyperparasitism of mycoparasite on Aecidium pourthiaea in Kunming, and isolated and identified the mycoparasite .The mycoparasites on Aecidium pourthiaea appeared on the aecium of Aecidium pourthiaea since the end of July, were rapidly increased from the middle of October , and reached a peak in the middle of December .The various my-coparasite on Aecidium pourthiaea mainly included Alternaria spp., Pestalotiopsis spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Trichoderma sp., and Trichothecium roseum, and SYP22 (a strain of Pestalotiopsis) and SYC23 (a strain of Cladospori-um) had better hyperparasitism effect and better safety to plant compared to other mycoparasites .