杂种落叶松家系变异分析与优良家系选择1）

摘要

Taking the10-year-old progeny test forest of hybrid larch in Longjiang County of Heilongjiang Province , we studied its growth traits.There were abundant variations in height and DBH of hybrid larch families .Among them,the Larix kaempferi 12×L.gmelinii 9, L.kaempferi 3×L.gmelinii 2, L.gmelinii 10×L.kaempferi 13 and L.gmelinii 12×L.gmelinii 2 have the outstanding performance .Compared to the diversity of different families by variance analysis and multiple comparisons , the diversity reached the significance level .In height aspect, the mean of the four families (L.kaempferi 5×L.gmelinii 9, L. kaempferi 12×L.gmelinii 9, L.gmelinii 7×L.kaempferi 77-2, L.kaempferi 11×L.gmelinii 2) was 9.32%higher than that of total families, 22.86%higher than CK, and the outstanding family L.kaempferi 5×L.gmelinii 9 was higher than the L. kaempferi 3×L.olgensis 51, which had the poor performance of 21.64%, 15.22%higher than that of total families, and 29.46%higher than CK.In DBH aspect, the mean of four families was 10.23%higher than that of total families , and 26.34%high-er than CK.Combined with the results of growth traits and timber property analysis , we chose the L.kaempferi 5×L.gmeli-nii 9 and L.kaempferi 11×L.gmelinii 2 as the superior families of hybrid larch .The heritability of height was 0.632, DBH was 0.807, density was 0.460, genetic gain of height was 0.139 5, DBH was 0.237 3, and density was 0.244 3.By the corre-lation analysis , density had positive correlation with growth traits and cellulose content , and early-late correlation of growth traits all reached significance level .%以黑龙江省龙江县错海林场10年生杂种落叶松家系试验林为研究对象，对生长与材性性状进行调查分析，结果表明：杂种落叶松家系生长性状存在较丰富的变异，材性性状变异相对较小，其中，日12×兴9、日3×兴2、兴10×日13和兴12×兴2这4个家系变异较大。利用方差分析与多重比较等方法对杂种落叶松家系间差异性进行比较，结果表明：生长性状家系间差异达到显著水平，日5×兴9、日12×兴9、兴7×日77－2、日11×兴2这4个家系相比其它家系表现优异，树高方面，4个家系的平均值比总平均值高出9．32％，高出对照为22．86％，生长最快的日5×兴9家系比生长较慢的日3×长51家系高出21．64％，高出家系总平均值15．22％，高出对照为29．49％。胸径方面：4个家系的平均值比总平均值高出10．23％，高出对照为26．34％，生长最快的日5×兴9家系比生长较慢的日5×兴12家系高出24．67％，高出家系总平均值17．42％，高出对照为34．59％。木材密度方面，兴9×日76－2、日5×长78－3、日5×兴9、日11×兴2这4个家系表现较好，与其它多数家系存在差别，4个家系的平均值比总平均值高出11．79％，高出对照为11．98％，木材密度最大的的兴9×日76－2家系比密度较小的兴10×日13家系高出55．27％，高出家系总平均值15．18％，高出对照为15．33％，结合生长与材性性状分析结果，最终选择日5×兴9、日11×兴2这2个家系为杂种落叶松优良家系，家系遗传力为树高0．632，胸径0．807，木材密度0．460，遗传增益为树高0．1395，胸径0．2373，木材密度0．2443。相关分析结果显示，木材密度与生长性状表现为正相关，纤维素质量分数与其它多数性状均表现为正相关，与木材密度相关达到显著水平，生长性状早晚相关均达到显著或极显著水平。