松嫩平原北部土壤砷水平空间分异及影响因素研究

摘要

以松嫩平原北部为研究区域,在ArcGIS软件的支持下,采用克里金差值方法分析了表层土壤砷和深层土壤砷在水平方向上的空间分异规律.从自然和人类活动两方面对土壤砷的水平空间分异进行了影响因素研究:在R软件的支持下对高程、坡度和距河流远近等因素与表层土壤和深层土壤的砷含量的变化量进行相关分析,并用Kruskal-Wallis test方法对土壤砷含量变化量与土地利用类型进行秩相关性分析.研究表明,研究区内表层土壤砷与深层土壤砷空间分布格局较为相似,表层土壤砷的分布表现出较为明显的空间继承性.土壤砷水平迁移活动明显,人类活动加速了土壤砷的水平迁移,表层土壤主要表现为砷流失,土壤砷含量水平下降,但人类干扰强度的差异也造成了部分区域土壤砷的富集,从而使得表层土壤砷的空间分异强度弱于深层土壤砷的空间分异强度.%In order to study the horizontal spatial distribution and the impact factors of soil Arsenic, we collected the surface soil samples and the deep soil samples of the northern Songnen Plain, and analyzed the data by the kriging interpolation with Arcgis. Analyze the impact factors of the soil Arsenic upright changes in two aspects: natural and human activities. Using R for correlation analyze the correlation of soil Arsenic concentration upright changes with elevation, slope and the distance away from the nearest water. Using R for the Kruskal-Wallis test, analyze the rank correlation between the soil Arsenic concentrations upright changes and the different land use types. The Results showed that, in the study area the surface soil Arsenic and the deep soil Arsenic had a similar distribution pattern, soil Arsenic distribution shows obvious spatial inheritance. Soil Arsenic migration activity is significant on horizontal surface, human activities accelerate soil Arsenic horizontal migration, surface soil Arsenic content reduces because of soil Arsenic loss. The different intensities of human disturbance cause the soil Arsenic enrichment in some areas, so the spatial patterns strength of deep soil arsenic is more high than strength of deep soil arsenic is relative low.