饲料中补充晶体蛋氨酸和羟基蛋氨酸钙对罗氏沼虾幼虾生长性能的影响

摘要

饲料中添加30%鱼粉为对照组饲料和6组试验饲料(分别替代对照组中16.67%、33.33%和50.00%的鱼粉，同一鱼粉替代水平的2组分别添加晶体蛋氨酸和羟基蛋氨酸钙，使其蛋氨酸含量与对照组一致)喂养罗氏沼虾(初始体重为(0.29±0.04) g )10周，研究不同鱼粉替代水平下，分别添加晶体蛋氨酸和羟基蛋氨酸钙对罗氏沼虾幼虾生长性能和血清生化指标的影响.结果表明：复合蛋白源替代对照组16.67%鱼粉并补充羟基蛋氨酸钙组的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率和饲料系数同对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)；同一鱼粉替代水平下，羟基蛋氨酸钙组的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均显著高于晶体蛋氨酸组(P<0.05).血清生化组成的分析结果表明：血清总蛋白含量各处理组之间差异显著(P<0.05)，对照组血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)，其中同一替代水平下，饲料中添加羟基蛋氨酸钙组谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力低于添加晶体蛋氨酸组.由此可见，与晶体蛋氨酸相比，羟基蛋氨酸钙能更有效提高罗氏沼虾生长性能和饲料利用效率.%This experiment is conducted to study the effects of L-Methionine (L-Met) or Methionine hydroxy analogue calcium (MHA-Ca) on growth performance, plasma biochemical indices and protein metabolism of juvenile giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). A fish meal diet was included as a control. 2×3 factorial arrangement with two methionine resources (L-Met and MHA-Ca) and three fish meal replacement levels (16.67%, 33.33% and 50.00%) was used. L-Met and MHA-Ca were supplemented respectively to the experimental diets in order to match the methionine profile of the control diet. Each diet was fed to juvenile giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) (average initial weight (0.29±0.04) g) for 10 weeks. The results are presented as follows: At the level of 16.67% fish meal replacement, there is no significant difference between MHA-Ca supplemental diet and basal diet in prawns final weight, so are among weight gain, special growth rate and protein efficiency ratio. For the same level of fish meal replacement, prawns fed with MHA-Ca has the significantly higher weight gain, special growth rate and protein efficiency ratio than prawns with fed L-Met (P<0.05). The serum total protein content is significantly influenced by L-Met and MHA-Ca among all experimental diets (P<0.05). Prawns fed with the basal diet has the lower aspartate aminotransferase and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity than prawns fed with MHA-Ca or L-Met (P<0.05). Given the same fish meal replacement level, prawns fed with MHA-Ca has lower aspartate aminotransferase and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity than prawns fed with L-Met. In conclusion. Due to the low release rate and the function of sustained-release, MHA-Ca can more effectively improve the growth performance, feed utilization and the synthesis of body proteins than L-Met in juvenile giant freshwater prawn.