目的：探讨健康足月新生儿黄斑出血与产妇、生产和新生儿危险因素之间的潜在关系。方法共有1311名足月新生儿纳入本研究，所有新生儿在出生4 d之内进行RetCamⅢ眼底检查。比较黄斑出血组与无视网膜出血组产妇、生产和新生儿参数之间的差异。结果1311名新生儿中黄斑出血的患儿有18名（占1.37％）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，剖宫产是黄斑出血的保护性因素（OR＝0.078，95％CI 0.004～0.384，P＝0.013），产妇贫血（OR ＝5.421，95％ CI 1.087～27.046，P＝0.039）是黄斑出血的危险因素。黄斑出血与本研究中其他因素之间无统计学相关性。结论经阴道分娩和产妇贫血是足月新生儿发生黄斑出血的潜在危险因素，具有这些危险因素的新生儿应进行早期检查排除黄斑出血。%Objective To explore the potential relationship between macular hemorrhage and the ma-ternal,obstetric,and neonatal risk factors in healthy full-term newborns. Methods A total of 1 311 full-term infants were recruited and received RetcamⅢfundus examination within 4 days postpartum. Maternal,obstet-ric,and neonatal parameters were statistically compared between the newborns with macular hemorrhage and those without retinal hemorrhage. Results Macular hemorrhage was detected in 18 of 1 311 infants(1.37%).Multi-variative logistic regression analysis revealed that spontaneous vaginal delivery [odds ratio (OR) =0.078 (95%CI 0.004-0.384),P=0.013]and maternal anemia [OR=5.421 (95 % CI 1.087-27.046), P=0.039]were correlated with the incidence of macular hemorrhage. Cesarean delivery was a protecting fac-tor of the incidence of macular hemorrhage. The incidence of macular hemorrhage was not significantly associat-ed with other factors. Conclusions Spontaneous vaginal delivery and maternal anemia are the potential risk factors for the incidence of macular hemorrhage in full-term newborns. Infants with these risk factors should re-ceive early examination to exclude the possibility of macular hemorrhage.
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