双壳体潜艇磁场变化的实验研究与特性分析

摘要

双壳体潜艇的磁化特征与单壳体潜艇有较大区别，为了将其磁化特性分析清楚，建立了双层圆柱形铁壳桶的简易潜艇模型，并将其放置于地球磁场环境中，利用通电线圈产生的强大磁场对潜艇模型进行局部磁化；然后，以潜艇垂向磁场变化量作为分析对象，并结合舰船磁场规律、磁滞特性、退磁场等理论，对双壳体潜艇的磁场变化规律进行了定性分析。研究结果表明：双壳体潜艇的外壳磁化规律近似于单壳体潜艇，而由于外壳屏蔽地球磁场，内壳几乎只受到线圈磁化影响。该结论可以为舰船消磁作业等提供理论依据。%There is a great difference in magnetization characteristics between a double-hull submarine and a single-hull submarine.For a clear magnetization characteristic analysis,a double cylindrical shell barrel is built as a simple submarine model,which is placed in the earth magnetic field environ-ment and then magnetized locally by a strong magnetic field generated by the coils.With the variation in the vertical component of the submarine magnetic field as an object of analysis,and combined with the ship′s magnetic rules,hysteresis characteristic,demagnetizing field theory,the magnetic field va-riation of the double-hull submarine is qualitatively analyzed and interpreted.The results show that the magnetization rule of the exterior hull is similar to that of the single-hull submarine,and because of the shielding effect,the interior hull is almost affected by coil magnetization only.The conclusion may provide a theoretical basis for ship degaussing operation.