6周递增负荷运动中大鼠胸腺和脾脏的形态结构变化特征

摘要

To research in six-weeks incremental exercise make influence on immune function of spleen and thymus of rats,we design sport model,72 SPF scale SD male rats was randomly divided into 12 groups：the 0 week exercise group,the 2th week exercise group,the 4th week exercise group,the 6th weeks exercise group.Every group had four different sampling points,the control,immediateness after exercise,3h after exrcise.The rats made run on a uniform velocity plate with 0 slopes,30 minutes once,once a day,six days a week for 6 weeks and rested for one day.The first week was adaptive training（10m/min）.The second week set intial load as 20m/min and increased gradually training load per week as 5m/min.The biggest training load amouted to 40m/min till the 6th week.At the end of the 0 week,2th,4th,and 6th weeks we took the thymus and keept it in paraformal-dehyde.The result indicated cortical thicknessof thymus obviously decreased which had significantly different with the 0 week（P0.05）.Morphology and histology of thymus and spleen obviously diordered with the 0 week and levels were not clear.This indicated that the incremental exercise stimulate the immune function of the thymus and spleen,and as the load increased and extended training time,morphological structure of thymus and spleen in rats had more impact.%为进一步了解6周递增负荷运动对大鼠脾脏和胸腺免疫功能的影响,设计运动模型,SPF级SD雄性大鼠72只（8周龄）随机被分为12组：0周适应性训练组、2周训练组、4周训练组和6周训练组。每组3个取样点,安静状态、运动后即刻、运动后3h.大鼠进行匀速跑台运动,坡度为0,每天1次,每次持续30min,6d/w,休息1d,共持续6w。第1周为适应性运动训练（速度为10m/min）,第2周负荷设定为20m/min,以后每周递增负荷5m/min,至第6周达到最大运动负荷40m/min。于0、2、4和6周末取胸腺、脾脏多聚甲醛中保存,HE染色。结果显示,胸腺皮质厚度与0周相比明显降低,有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,胸腺和脾脏内部的形态结构与0周相比明显紊乱,层次不清。这表明递增负荷这种运动刺激影响了胸腺和脾脏的免疫功能,且随负荷的增加和训练时间的延长,大鼠胸腺和脾脏的形态结构受的影响加大。