仁者何以不忧?——试论儒家伦理与心身健康

摘要

精神性是人类普遍存在的一种心理现象,它可以存在于宗教组织中,也可以在宗教组织之外.研究表明,精神性能促进人的心身健康及寿命.儒家认为人的心身健康和伦理是互相影响的,认为"圣贤必不害心疾",即道德高尚的人是不会患心理疾病的.《礼记·大学》中说"富润屋,德润身,心广体胖",即认为人的德行有利于身体.自古以来儒家就推崇"孔颜之乐",提出"智者乐,仁者寿"、"仁者无忧"、"乐以忘忧"等等命题,充分论述了儒家伦理与心身健康的正相关.儒家伦理文化中这些丰富的精神性思想是中国人精神性发展的宝贵财富,对于解决现代人由于精神性缺失所造成的疾患大有裨益.本文基于现代精神性和认知神经科学的相关研究成果论证了儒家伦理有利于人的身心健康.%Spirituality is a universal psychological phenomenon that can be found in or outside religious organizations. Research shows that spirituality can promote mental and physical health and human lifespan as well. Confucianism believes that human psychosomatic health and ethics are mutually influenced. It is thought that people who are virtuous are not going to get psychological illness. We believe that man's virtue is good for his body. Since ancient times,Confucianism has fully discussed the positive correlation between Confucian ethics and psychosomatic health. These rich spiritual thoughts in Confucian ethical culture are the valuable wealth accumulated in the development of Chinese spirituality,which is of great benefit to solve the problems caused by spiritual deficiency of modern people. Accordingly,we argue that Confucian ethics can be beneficial to people's psychosomatic health based on the research of modern spirituality and cognitive neuroscience.