目的 了解南昌市城镇小学生营养知识、营养态度、营养行为的现状,评价营养宣教对南昌市城镇小学生营养知识、营养态度和营养行为的影响.方法 采取整群抽样法,同时对290名南昌市城镇小学生采用自行设计的问卷调查表进行问卷调查,并进行营养宣教.比较营养宣教前后小学生营养知识、营养态度、营养行为情况.结果 南昌市城镇小学生营养宣教后营养知识评分值、总评分值均显著高于营养宣教前,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01)；营养宣教后营养行为评分值显著高于营养宣教前,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).营养宣教后在非常关心健康、营养好坏对学习和健康有影响、对营养知识感兴趣、愿意放弃自己爱吃而不利于健康的食物、愿意吃不喜欢的健康食品、喜欢参加体育活动等方面所占比例均较营养宣教前增加,但差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).营养宣教后在每周吃5～6次早餐、每天吃早餐等方面所占比例均较营养宣教前增加,但差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).营养宣教后每天喝牛奶所占比例较营养宣教前增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；营养宣教后经常喝(3次及以上)牛奶、有时喝(3次以下)牛奶所占比例均较营养宣教前增加,但差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05)；营养宣教后从不喝牛奶所占比例较营养宣教前下降,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).营养宣教后每天进食蔬菜5种以上所占比例均较营养宣教前增加,但差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 营养宣教能提高小学生的营养知识,改善其态度及行为,应在南昌市城镇小学中广泛开展.%Objective To understand the current situation of nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior of town primary students in Nanchang city,and to evaluate the effects of nutrition propaganda and education on nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted using cluster sampling method and nutrition propaganda and education were performed in 290 town primary students in Nanchang city. Nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior of students were investigated before and after nutrition propaganda and education,and the effects of nutrition propaganda and education were observed. Results Nutrition propaganda and education significantly increased nutrition knowledge score and total score in town primary students (P<0. 01),but nutrition behavior score was not changed (P>0. 05). Furthermore, the proportions of students who were concerned about health,cared about the effect of nutrition on learning and health, were interested in nutrition knowledge, wanted to give up favorite and un-rnhealthy food,wanted to eat healthy food,and like to participate in sport activities increased after nutrition propaganda and education,but the difference was not statistically significant (all P> 0. 05). The proportions of students who ate breakfast 5-6 times/week and every day increased after nutrition propaganda and education, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0. 05). The proportion of students who drank milk every day significantly increased after nutrition propaganda and education (all F<0. 05). The proportions of students who drank milk 3 times or more and less than 3 times per week increased, but the proportion of students who never drank milk decreased after nutrition propaganda and education. The differences were not statistically significant (P>0. 05). The proportion of students who ate 5 kinds of vegetables or more per day increased after nutrition propaganda and education,but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0. 05). Conclusion Nutrition propaganda and education can improve nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior of town primary students,and should be widely carried out in town primary schools in Nanchang city.
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