The heterogeneous distribution of C and metallic alloying elements as well as the phase com-position changes before and after cold deformation of an Fe-Mn-Cr-C alloy have been stu-died by the use of M(?)ssbauer spectroscopy.The austenites without and with C and metallicalloying elements are found in the alloy in as-solid solution state.While the martensites with-out and with C and alloying elements may be induced by cold deformation.The transforma-tion from austenite to martensite in the alloy is confirmed via theoretical computation and ex-periments to be controlled by the number of covalent electron pairs forming covalent bond inaustenitic crystal cell of the alloy.The formation of strong covalent bond between C and me-tallic elements can vigorously retard the γ/α’ transformation.
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