聚丙烯腈基碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其表征

摘要

Treated carbon nanotubes have a great influence on the structure and performance of the carbon nanotube modified polymers.Powdery polyacrylonitrile/mutiwalled carbon nanotube（MWCNT） composites were prepared by aqueous deposited polymerization method after modifing MWCNTs with concentrated nitric acid.We studied the effect of strong nitric acid on the MWCNTs and their chemical-structural changes,and discussed the effects of carbon nanotubes on the thermal and crystallization properties of polyacrylonitrile/MWCNT composites.It indicated that the normal processing of MWCNTs with concentrated nitric acid can not only remove impurities but also bring in the carboxyl groups onto the surfaces of carbon nanotubes.The preoxidation temperature of polyacrylonitrile/MWCNT composites decreased to some extent,moreover the heat release obviously reduced,the crystallinities of polymers varied without changing the basic structures of powdery polymers.%碳纳米管添加到聚合物中对其结构和性能都有深远的影响,本文通过浓硝酸对碳纳米管改性后,采用水相沉淀聚合的方法制备了聚丙烯腈/碳纳米管复合材料,同时研究了碳纳米管经过浓硝酸处理后其化学结构的变化;探讨了碳纳米管对聚丙烯腈复合材料热学和结晶性的影响。研究表明,浓硝酸常温处理不仅能除去杂质,还可以在碳纳米管表面引入羧基等含氧基团;加入碳纳米管后,聚丙烯腈的预氧化温度有一定程度的提前,放热量明显降低,同时对聚合物的结晶度也有一定程度的影响。