智能电池电解液隔板用超疏水铜网的设计与制备

摘要

Facile galvanic replacement was adopted to grow dendrite coral-like silver films on commercial copper meshes.Silver films possess dual structure distinguished both in miacro and nano scales.After the immersion process in an ethanol solution of n-dodecanethiol,the rough silver films exhibit the superhydrophobic property with a contact angle of about 150°.Furthermore,such copper mesh can be used to be the electrolyte separator for smart batteries with the electrowetting process.At the storage phase of the battery,the copper mesh can effectively prevent the contact between the electrolyte and the electrodes.With a stimulation of external electric field,the wettability of the copper mesh can be changed from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity,allowing the electrolyte contact the electrodes.Our study shows that the superhydrophobic copper mesh would have potential applications in smart batteries.%通过化学置换镀银的方法在金属铜网表面沉积银镀层以使其表面粗糙化,然后在十二烷硫醇/乙醇混合溶液中浸泡,进行低表面能物质的表面修饰,制备出接触角达到约150°的超疏水铜网。对该铜网的表面结构及超疏水性能进行了分析。利用超疏水表面的电致润湿特性,设计此铜网为智能电池的关键部件—电解液隔板。当智能电池在存储阶段,电解液隔板可以阻止电解液与电极接触,杜绝电池自放电的发生。当电池使用的时候,在外加电场刺激下,该铜网由疏水特性转变为亲水特性,从而使电解液自由通过此铜网。本研究对防止电池的自放电具有指导意义。