聚乙烯塑料在西沙自然环境中光老化行为研究

摘要

在西沙大气环境中对中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)进行一年的曝晒实验,以研究其在极端气候环境下的老化特征及规律.运用扫描电镜、分光光度计、拉伸实骏等手段对老化前后MDPE的表观性能及力学性能进行表征,并用红外吸收光谱对其结构变化进行分析.运用主成分分析方法进行数据处理,并提出在西沙环境下聚乙烯材料老化性能的综合评价指标.结果表明,在西沙大气环境中,随曝晒时间增加,MDPE表面色差增加,硬度增加,光泽度减小,同时拉伸强度、断裂伸长率保留率下降.MDPE老化评价指标Z较好的综合了各个指标的共性,从整体上看西沙地区MDPE的老化行为与时间呈阶梯状增长趋势.%The exposure test of media density polythene (MDPE) was carried out for different time periods up to one year in Xisha (Paracel) Islands. The changes of appearance, morphology, mechanical properties and chemical structures were monitored by spectrophotometer, glossmeter, microscope, computer-controlled tensile testing, hardness measurements and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that during the aging period, the color abbreviation and hardness increased, while the gloss, the retention of tensile strength and that of elongation at break decreased. The aging evaluation parameter Z was postulated,which can present the common of those tested properties well, which showed a stepwise increasing tendency of aging rate with the extending of exposure time.