This paper systematically summarizes the developments of Electron Beam Cold Hearth Melting (EBCHM) technology for nearly 40 years. The main features of the EBCHM including- the improvements in electron beam gun, the evolution of the structural forms of the cold hearth and their functional expanding, the unique capability for elimination of the metallurgical defects of titanium alloys, and the current status and the future trends in the studies and applications of the EBCHM as well, have been sorted out and introduced in a relatively detailed way. It is pointed out that the industrial application of EBCHM in the production of Ti and its alloys has been increased steadily in recent years. The fundamental reason for that is the EBCHM's capability to eliminate the metallurgical defects in Ti alloys effectively, thus makes it possible to meet the demanding requirements of the rotating aero-engine component. This appears to be the main factor that accelerates the development and optimization of this process.%本文系统总结了电子束冷炉床熔炼(Electron Beam Cold Hearth Melting-EBCHM)技术近四十年的发展脉络.详细介绍了电子束冷床炉熔炼的各主要方面,包括电子枪的改进,冷床炉结构演变和功能扩展以及消除钛合金冶金缺陷的独特优势、电子束冷床炉熔炼科学技术应用现状及当前的主要研究方向等.指出近年来EBCHM技术在钛及钛合金工业生产中的应用持续稳定增长,除了钛的废料回收,消除钛的冶金缺陷提高合金质量,满足航空发动机转动部件要求,是主要的推动因素.可为广大钛冶金、材料应用工作者和设计人员提供有价值的参考.
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