从宋朝初期到清代中期,闽南的海外贸易商人一直是东亚水域最主要的华商族群.事实上,一直到今天,闽南人在东亚海域,特别是东南亚地区,仍然是华人之中最主要的华商族群.闽南海商在经贸事业方面的长期兴盛是一个耐人寻味的历史课题.这篇文章试图利用闽南地区长期持续的海贸习俗来说明闽南海商的独特表现.闽南地区大概在公元900-1200年形成一个海贸习俗,促使该地区的许多人不约而同地竞相投入海外贸易事业.这个习俗的存在给闽南海商的事业经营创造出比较利益,让他们享有竞争优势,因此发展出其他华人族群难以抗衡的经贸事业.%Of the numerous Chinese ethnie groups engaged in maritime trade in Southeast A-sia, the minnanese have historieally been the largest and most successful. Although the height of their economie success was achieved between the Song and Qing Dynasties (approximately 960 -1770), they maintain a prominent presenee in Southeast Asia to-day. As this long - lasting eeonomie sueeess of the Minnanese maritime merchants is u-nique among overseas Chinese, and as of yet still largely unexplained, it has attracted the attention of scholars worldwide. This particular study attempts to explain their out-standing eeonomie suceess by exploring the impact of a maritime convention that existed in Minnan between 900 and 1200. The only one of its kind, this eovention gave advan-tages to Minnanese maritime merchants and encouraged the public to invest in foreign trade, allowing Minnan to develop economic power unrivalled in China.
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