明清的中国商船画卷——日本平户松浦史料博物馆藏《唐船之图》考证

摘要

江户时代的日本处于锁国状态，中国货物运往日本和日本物产运往中国，完全由从中国沿海诸港航行到长崎的中国商船（当时称为唐船）来承担。运输这些物资的唐船的形像，在介绍长崎的书籍插图及长崎版画等中，都有所描绘并得以保存下来。在长崎平户松浦史料博物馆中，保存着松浦家族历代藩主所收集的书画、器具、书籍等，它对于研究者来说，是个极其珍贵的宝库。该馆收藏的一幅题为《唐船之图》的画卷，对于研究日本和清朝之间贸易以及从事贸易的唐船形态，都是极其重要的资料。%Because of the Sakoku policy in the Edo period of Japan, trade between China and Japan were all carried out by the Chinese merchant boats （which were then called ＂Tang Boats＂ ） from the Chinese harbors to Nagasaki. These boats were well illustrated and recorded in books and engravings about Nagasaki. The precious collection comprises paintings, calligraphy, implements and books collected by the Matsuura seigniors in Matsuura Historical Museum of Hirado, Nagasaki. A painting named ＂Picture of Tang Boats＂ in this museum provides significant information for the study of the trade between Japan and Qing China as well as the type of Tang boats.