质量：新常态下的新动力∗--基于2014年宏观质量观测数据的实证分析

摘要

我国经济进入新常态以后,劳动力、资本等传统要素的作用递减,亟须找到经济增长的新动力.文章基于2014年宏观质量观测数据的分析表明,质量是经济新常态下重要的新动力,主要表现在5个方面：产品服务质量评价的波动与我国 GDP 的年度变动趋势高度一致；质量评价的结构性差异反映了我国产业结构的变动；质量信息的不对称性抑制了我国有效需求的增长；城乡质量二元性的降低缓解了我国城乡经济的二元性；产品质量评价影响了我国区域经济增长的差异性.我国产品质量评价与 GDP 增长的弹性系数为0．21,对于我国经济增长的作用显著.%After China entering the new normal,the function of labor,capital and other traditional elements has diminished.China needs to find new driving force of economic growth.The analysis of the quality data based on Macroscopic quality observation in 2014 shows that quality has become the important new driving force of growth.It mainly shows in five aspects:The change of product/service quality evaluation has a highly consistency with the fluctuation and trend of China?s annual GDP;The structural differences of quality evaluation drive the change of industrial structure;Quality information asymmetry restrain the growth of effective demand;The reduce of quality duality of the urban and rural relieves the economy duality of the urban and rural in our country;The evaluation of product quality has influenced the regional economic development pattern in our country to a large extent.The elastic coefficient of product quality evaluation and GDP growth is 0.21.Quality has a significant effect on China economic growth.