基于CFD的公路隧道火灾数值模拟

摘要

为了有效控制公路隧道火灾的烟气扩散,基于计算流体动力学理论(computational fluid dynamics,CFD),采用Cfdesign软件进行数值模拟与分析,研究了公路隧道火灾的烟气运动规律,分析了不同火灾条件的温度分布和烟气蔓延规律,研究了射流风机的动力特性及其对火灾的影响.提出了公路隧道顶棚烟雾纵向扩散速度峰值函数模型、射流风机动力长度近似模型以及临界风速近似计算模型.分析表明,在射流风机动力区域的火灾,会产生大量涡流,严重危害下游人员的安全.%Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics,the law of smoke movement in tunnel fire is studied by means of Cfdesign software in order to effectively control the spread of smoke in highway tunnel fire,the distribution of temperature and velocity of flue gas under different fire conditions is analyzed,and the dynamic characteristics of jet fan and its influence on the development of the fire are studied.The peak velocity function model of smoke longitudinal diffusion of tunnel ceiling,the approximate model of jet wind force length and the approximation model of critical velocity are put forward.The results show that a large number of vortexes will be produced when the fire occurs in the area of jet wind power,which will seriously endanger the safety of the downstream personnel.