银杏叶提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的体外抑菌作用

摘要

Objective To explore the antibacterial activity of extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves on Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro ,and to provid pharmacological reference for developing a new type of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of periodontal disease.Methods This experiment was divided into negative control group,imipenem control group and different concentrations and forms of extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves groups.Solvent extraction method was used to extract the extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves, punching method and test tube method were performed to detect the antibacterial activity of extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves in anaerobic environment invitro and compared with Staphylococcusaureus and E.coli.By observing the antibacterial ring diameter and determination of the minimum bacteriostasis concentration (MIC),the antibacterial activities of extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves in vitro were measured.Results In the experiment of bacteriostatic ring,Porphyromonas gingivalis was treated with extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves,Ginkgo biloba leaf tablet and Ginkgo biloba soft capsule concentrate and 1∶4 diluent,the bacteriostatic ring diameters were decreased with the decreasing of the concentration.The maximum bacteriostatic diameter of Ginkgo biloba extract was 1 6.5 mm,and the maximum bacteriostasis diameters of Ginkgo biloba leaf tablet and soft capsule were 15.3 and 14.5 mm,respectively;the bacteriostatic diameter of the exact of Ginkgo biloba leaves was bigger than those of Ginkgo biloba leaf tablet and Ginkgo biloba soft capsule (P < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference of bacteriostatic diameter between Ginkgo biloba leaf tablet and Ginkgo biloba soft capsule (P> 0.05);E.coli and Staphylococcusaureus groups get the same results.When the concentration of extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves was more than 1.95 mg·L-1 ,there was no growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis but E. coli and Staphylococcus aureusa still grew;only the concentrations of exact of Girkgo biloba leaves were more than 6.25 and 12.5 mg· L-1 ,E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus didn’t grow;the bacteriostatic effect of extract of Ginkgo biloba on Porphromonas gingivalis was better than E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Conclusion Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves has antibacterial effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis.%目的：探讨银杏叶提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的体外抑菌活性，为研制开发治疗牙周病的新型纯中药抗菌药物提供药理学依据。方法：本实验分为阴性对照组、亚胺培南对照组和不同浓度及剂型的银杏叶提取物组。采用溶剂提取法制取银杏叶提取物，采用打孔法和试管法在厌氧环境下检测银杏叶提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的体外抑菌活性，并与金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌对比。通过观察抑菌环直径和测定最小抑菌浓度（MIC）衡量银杏叶提取物的体外抑菌作用。结果：在抑菌环实验中，银杏叶提取物、银杏叶片和银杏叶软胶囊的原液和1∶4的稀释液作用于牙龈卟啉单胞菌，抑菌环直径随着浓度的降低而减小，银杏叶提取物的最大抑菌直径为16.5 mm，银杏叶片和软胶囊最大抑菌直径分别为15.3和14.5 mm，银杏叶提取物抑菌直径明显大于银杏叶片和银杏叶软胶囊（P ＜0.05），银杏叶片与银杏叶软胶囊抑菌直径比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；大肠埃希菌组和金黄色葡萄球菌组得到同样的结果。MIC 测定，银杏叶提取物组内比较，银杏叶提取物浓度高于1.95 mg· L-1时，试管内均无牙龈卟啉单胞菌生长，而大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌仍可以生长，浓度高于6.25和12.5 mg· L-1时大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌不生长，银杏叶提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的抑菌作用优于大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。结论：银杏叶提取物对牙龈卟啉单胞菌具有抑菌作用。