电纺自支撑空穴硅碳纳米纤维在高性能锂离子电池阳极材料中的应用

摘要

A self-supporting silicon-containing hole carbon nanofiber membrane( H-Si-CNFs)was obtained by elec-trospinning a polyacrylonitrile( PAN)/DMF solution containing silica nanoparticles( SiNPs),followed by pre-oxida-tion,carbonization and HF-treating processing. The H-Si-CNFs are directly used as anode materials for making lithi-um ion batteries. SEM,TEM and XRD are used to observe and characterize the morphology,structure and composi-tion of the H-Si-CNF composite materials. The energy storage mechanism and cycle performance of the as-prepared H-Si-CNF-based Li ion battery is studied by using charge/discharge tester. The results show that the 10% silicon-containing H-Si-CNFs electrode has an excellent cycle performance at 100 mA·g-1 charging/discharging,the ini-tial reversible capacity of 607 mAh·g-1 and a capacity retention rate of 92% after 40 cycles.%硅纳米颗粒（ SiNPs）加入到聚丙烯腈（ PAN）/DMF溶液中混合均匀，通过静电纺丝、预氧化及碳化过程制备得到包含SiNPs的碳纤维膜（ CNFs），然后经过HF酸处理形成自支撑空穴状硅碳纳米纤维膜（ H-Si-CNFs），直接用作锂离子电池的阳极材料。通过SEM、TEM和XRD等对复合材料的形貌、结构和组成进行表征分析，并运用充放电测试仪对电池循环性能以及储能机理进行研究。结果表明这种H-Si-CNFs电极具有良好的循环性能，其中含10%硅粒子的 H-Si-CNFs在100 mA·g-1充放电，首次可逆容量达到了607 mAh·g-1，经过40次循环后的容量保留率仍有92%。