为降低高速铁路的振动和噪声,根据统计能量分析方法,建立了轮轨噪声的预测模型.将整个轨道系统划分为:钢轨垂向振动子系统和声空腔子系统；然后建立了子系统间功率流平衡方程；计算了阻尼损耗因子、模态密度和耦合阻尼损耗因子等统计能量参数.在以上理论分析基础上预测了轮轨噪声.结果表明:阻尼损耗因子和机车速度分别增加l倍,则声压级分别将增加1 ～2 dB和5～8 dB;轨垫板刚度在600～1 000 MN/m时系统减振降噪效果最好.%The background of this paper is the noise and vibration control on high-speed railway. Fist of all, studies on theoretical modeling and prediction of wheel-rail noise have been thoroughly investigated. Secondly, according to the principle of the statistical energy analysis method, the whole system is classified into two subsystems: subsystem of vertical vibration of rail and subsystem of acoustic space. Then the power flow equation between these two subsystems is built. Based on the theory of the statistical energy analysis, the mode count,damping loss factor and coupling loss factor are evaluated. With the statistical energy analysis method, the wheel - rail noise is predicted. The results show that the noise increases 5 ~8 dB if the velocity of train is doubled, and increases 1 ~ 2 dB if the damping loss factor or coupling loss factor increases two times. After the investigation on the changing of different stiffness of rubber rail pad, it is found that the proper stiffness range is 600 MN/m to 1 000 MN/m.
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