北京城市水文化与城市生态

摘要

Beijing was called ＂water Beijing＂ in history. Influenced by the interaction of urban development and the water culture, Beijing formed the unique traditional water system culture. From the Yuan to the Ming and Qing dynasties, Beijing water cultural geography system formed from the concentric circles structure to the scatter plot spatial structure. The existence of the water system also formed urban ecology of traditional Beijing. ＂Jiangnan Imagine＂, ＂ Urban Mountain Forest＂ and the active urban activity are three aspects of traditional Beijing ecology. The development of contemporary Beijing water culture should start with restoring urban water culture marks, dredging culture of water vein, and forging urban water cultural landscape to suppress the unordered urban ecological expansion of Beijing.%北京在历史上曾有＂水乡北京＂之称。城市发展与水文化相互作用,形成了传统北京独特的水系文化地理,从元至明清,北京水系文化地理形成了从同心圆结构向散点立体结构的变迁。水系的存在还造就了传统北京的城市生态,＂江南想象＂、＂城市山林＂与活跃的城市活动是传统北京城市生态的三个方面。当代北京水文化的发展,应从复原城市水文化标志、疏通文化水脉、打造城市水文化景观入手,实现对北京城市无序扩张的生态遏制。