高特异性分子探针在阿尔茨海默病早期诊断及药物疗效评价中的研究进展

摘要

Alzheimer′s disease(AD)is the general type of senile dementia,posing a serious harm to the health of the elderly. Making an accurate and reliable diagnosis of AD at the earliest disease stages and evaluating the efficacy of drug in the course of drug treatment of AD is challenging and has become increasingly important. AD is characterized by early neuropathological senile plaque (SP)deposits and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles(NFT)in the brain. The studies of specific molecular probes targeted amyloidβ(Aβ)and tau profein play an important role in the early diagnosis,classification of severity and efficacy monitoring of AD.Therefore, many research groups have focused on developing the high specific molecular probes of positron emission tomography(PET)imaging. In this article,we review the progress and clinical applications of the specific molecular probes of PET imaging in AD.%阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的老年期痴呆，严重危害老年人健康。在AD早期做出准确可靠的诊断，在药物治疗过程中进行准确客观的疗效评估，成为AD治疗的关键问题。老年斑（SP）和神经原纤维缠结（NFT）是AD的特征性病理改变，以SP的核心成分Aβ和NFT的核心成分tau蛋白为靶点的特异性分子探针，在AD早期诊断、病变程度分级以及药物疗效评估等方面具有较大优势。因此基于PET分子影像技术的高特异性分子示踪剂成为目前的研究热点。本文综述了以Aβ和tau蛋白为靶点的特异性分子探针的最新研究进展及其临床应用。