气相色谱-质谱法分析桑枝挥发油的化学成分

摘要

目的 提取桑枝中的挥发油,并对挥发油的化学成分进行分析.方法 采用同时蒸馏萃取法及水蒸气蒸馏法提取桑枝中的挥发油,气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法鉴别挥发油的化学成分.结果 同时蒸馏法萃取提取的桑枝挥发油中鉴定了19个化合物,占总检出量的94.49%,挥发油中含有烷、酸、醛、酮、酯和醇等物质.水蒸气蒸馏法提取的桑枝挥发油中鉴定出16个化合物,占总检出量的97.12%,挥发油由呋喃、羧酸、酯、醛、醇、酚、酮、烯烃及酰卤等物质组成.同时蒸馏萃取法提取的挥发油的化学成分多于水蒸汽蒸馏法.结论 两种提取法的结合,可更加全面地鉴定出桑枝挥发油的化学成分.%Objective To extract the volatile oil of Ramulus Mori and analyze the chemical composition of the volatile oil. Methods The volatile oil of Ramulus Mori was extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE)and direct distillation extrac?tion(DDE)method,and the chemical composition was identified by GC-MS. Results Nineteen compounds were identified in the vol?atile oil extracted by SDE,which accounted for 94.49%of the total amount of detection. There were alkyl,acids,aldehydes,ketones, esters,alcohols and other substances in the volatile oil. And 16 compounds were determined in the volatile oil extracted by DDE,ac?counting for 97.12 % of the total amount detected. There were furan,carboxylic acids,esters,aldehydes,alcohols,phenols,ke?tones,alkene and acyl halide. The chemical compositions of the volatile oil extracted by SDE were more than those extracted by DDE. Conclusion The chemical constituents of volatile oil of Ramulus Mori can be more fully identified by the combination of the two ex?traction methods.