海洋油气开发污染责任限制正当性与立法例研∗

摘要

From the perspectives of special maritime risks, dependence on the energy and insurance, it is legitimate to establish limitation of liability for dam-ages resulting from pol ution of offshore oil-gas exploitation. There are different merits in limitation of liability system of CLEE, OPOL, Canada Draft and OPA. Special y, OPA implements the principle of “potential non-limits liability” in the limitation of liability for damages resulting from pol ution of offshore oil-gas exploi-tation. This principle and related legal system have reference value to both inter-national and domestic legislation.%从海上特殊风险、能源依赖和保险的视角看,海洋油气开发污染损害赔偿中设立责任限制制度具有正当性。《海洋矿物资源勘探开发油污损害民事责任公约》( CLEE)、《近海污染责任协议》(OPOL)、《加拿大草案》与美国《油污法》(OPA)规定的责任限制各有可取之处。其中,OPA对海洋油气开发污染责任限制实行的是“潜在无限责任原则”,这一原则及其制度尤其值得借鉴。