地下水硝酸盐脆弱性评价指标权重确定方法的比较研究

摘要

基于地下水硝酸盐污染脆弱性评价过程中确定指标权重的3种不同方法,获得评价指标的3种不同权重,对河南省黄淮海平原地下水硝酸盐污染脆弱性进行了评价,比较3种不同方法和评价结果的优劣.结果表明,专家经验法简单易操作,但人为主观因素容易导致过度强调部分指标重要性;主成分因子分析法消除了人为因素干扰,但对指标的遴选要求严格,可控性较差;相关分析法对评价指标和地下水硝态氮含量之间关系进行探讨,并消除人为因素干扰,对本研究区评价结果较为合理.%Based on three different methods to ascertain the weights of some groundwater vulnerability assessment of nitrate pollution,three different weights were acquired and the groundwater vulnerability of nitrate pollution in Huanghuaihai plain in Henan province was evaluated,and the three different methods and results were compared with each other.The results showed that the method of expert experience was easy to manipulate,but subjective factor always resulted in overemphasis of some factors.Subjective factors could be avoided by the principal component analysis,but it was hard to select some factors so that the result could not be controlled.Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the selected factors and the content of the groundwater nitrate,able to eliminate subjective factors,so the result was reasonable for the studied area.