不同复合种植模式滇龙胆中矿质元素化学计量学研究

摘要

为了研究不同复合种植模式滇龙胆的矿质元素计量特征,探讨滇龙胆药材化学成分及其疗效的影响因素,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱( ICP-AES)法测定4种种植模式(单一种植、茶树+滇龙胆、旱冬瓜+滇龙胆、杉木+滇龙胆)下滇龙胆(根、茎、叶)及其生长土壤中8种矿质元素( B、Ca、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni和Zn)的含量,结合多元统计分析方法对其所含元素计量特征进行分析和评价。结果表明,不同种植模式滇龙胆中均含有丰富的Ca、Fe、Mn等多种矿质元素,Mo元素均未检出(<0.15μg/g)；单一种植滇龙胆叶中Ca元素含量最高,达8181μg/g,根中Fe元素含量最高,达2228μg/g,旱冬瓜+滇龙胆复合种植的叶片中Mn元素含量最高,达910μg/g。同一种植模式滇龙胆根、茎、叶中Ca、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni元素含量均差异显著( P<0.05)。不同种植模式滇龙胆中Fe、Mn元素含量差异很大。单一种植及旱冬瓜+滇龙胆、杉木+滇龙胆复合种植下,滇龙胆与土壤中部分元素含量具有一定相关性。不同种植模式的滇龙胆对矿质元素的富集能力差异较大,其中对Ca、Cu、Mn、Zn元素的富集能力较强,茶树+滇龙胆种植模式下的叶片对Cu元素的富集能力最强。多元统计分析和滇龙胆生物富集系数分析表明,滇龙胆自身的生物学特性及种植模式影响体内矿质元素的分布特征。%To analyze elements stoichiometry characteristic in different planting patterns and investigate the factors that affected the chemical composition and the curative effect of Gentiana rigescens, the contents of eight mineral elements( B,Ca,Cu,Fe,Mn,Mo,Ni and Zn) in G. rigescens( root,steam and leaf) collected from four different planting patterns ( monoculture, planting with Camellia sinensis,Alnus nepalensis and Cunninghamia lanceolata) and their planting soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES),and multivariate analyses were used for analysis. The results showed that the content of Mo was not detected(<0. 15 μg/g),but the contents of Ca,Fe and Mn were rich among different samples. The leaf of monoculture had the highest content of Ca(8 181 μg/g) , the root of monoculture had the highest content of Fe(2 228 μg/g) ,the leaf of G. rigescens planting with A. nepalensis had the highest content of Mn(910 μg/g). The contents of Ca,Cu,Fe,Mn and Ni were significantly different at the 0. 05 level in different organs in the same planting pattern. In different planting patterns,the contents of Fe and Mn were different in G. rigescens. The elemental contents in the sample of monoculture and the sample planting with C. lanceolata and A. nepalensis were significantly correlated with the contents of some elements in their planting soil. The mineral elements absorption rates of G. rigescens were different in different planting patterns,and the absorption abilities for Ca,Cu,Mn and Zn were higher than other elements in G. rigescens,the absorption ability for Cu was the highest in the leaf of G. rigescens which was planting with C. sinensis. Multivariate analysis and the bioconcentration factor indicated that the biological characteristics of G. rigescens and the planting patterns had an impact on the element distribution.