为探讨豫南烟区适宜的烤烟耕作模式,采用田间试验研究了耕作深度和秸秆还田互作对土壤团聚体组成和烟叶钾、氯含量的影响.结果表明,随着耕作深度的增加,粒级＜0.25 mm的土壤团聚体含量降低,即粒级≥0.25 mm的团聚体含量明显增加,除耕作深度40 cm外,秸秆翻压处理均较不翻压秸秆处理显著降低粒级＜0.25 mm的团聚体含量;烤烟产量随着耕作深度的增加而增加,而产值则表现为耕作深度30 cm＞耕作深度20 cm＞耕作深度40 cm;烟叶全钾含量随着烟株生育进程的推进呈逐渐下降的趋势,移栽后60 d,在秸秆翻压条件下,耕作深度30、40 cm处理较常规耕作(20 cm)处理显著提高烟叶全钾含量;与不翻压处理相比,除耕作深度20 cm外,秸秆翻压处理其他耕作深度各部位烤后烟叶钾含量均有一定增加,而氯离子含量则均有所降低.综合分析,在豫南烟区,生产中较适宜的耕作模式为耕作深度30 cm+秸秆翻压处理.%In order to investigate the suitable tillage methods in tobacco-growing region in south of Henan,field experiment was carried out to study the effects of interaction between different plowing depths and straw return on soil aggregates and potassium and chlorine contents of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the content of soil aggregates over 0.25 mm obviously increased(soil aggregates below 0.25 mm decreased) with the increase of plowing depth.Except treatment with plowing depth of 40 cm,the content of soil aggregates below 0.25 mm significantly decreased with ploughing straw under soil.The yield increased with the increase of plowing depth.The order of output value was plowing depth of 30 cm ＞ plowing depth of 20 cm ＞ plowing depth of 40 cm.The potassium content in tobacco leaves was gradually decreased with the development of flue-cured tobacco.At 60 days after transplanting,compared with the treatment with plowing depth of 20 cm the potassium content significantly increased with the increase of plowing depth under soil.Except the treatment with plowing depth of 20 cm,compared with no overturning straw,the potassium content in different tobacco leaves increased while the chlorine content decreased with ploughing straw under soil.In summary,the tillage method (plowing depth of 30 cm plus ploughing straw under soil) was suitable for the production of tobacco in tobacco-growing region in south of Henan.
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