“科学”的维度：近代中国学术转型中的政治考量--围绕《新民丛报》的考察

摘要

20世纪初年，中国学界曾经发生过一场关于中国是否“有学”的讨论。讨论由《新民丛报》发起，《新世界学报》《大陆》报回应。参与各方均欲以“科学”为标准振兴中学。由于夹杂着不同的政治理想，他们表现出对“科学”概念不同程度的迎拒取舍，以及在“智”与“德”之间反复的斟酌与考量。由此表明，近代中国的学术转型与政治变革无可避免地成为一个整体，“科学”概念在理解与运用中的差异，反映了现实语境下学术思想向政治层面延伸与渗透的必然性与多样性，也折射出不同救国理念背后，近代学人无分轩轾的爱国主义情怀。%In the early years of the 20th century, Chinese scholars participated in the discussion about whether China had “Sci-ence”.The discussion initiated by Xin Min Cong Bao, responded by Journal of New World and The Continent.They all hoped to revitalize Chinese learning by the standard of“science”, but due to the different political ideals, they showed different atti-tudes towards“science”, and thought over repeatedly between knowledge and morality.This shows that Chinese modern aca-demic transformation and political reform must become a whole.The differences about“Science” in understanding and applying reflected the necessity and the diversity of academic thinking to the political extension and infiltration under the realistic environ-ment.It also refracted modern scholars regardless of the patriotic feelings behind their different ideals of saving the nation.