雌鼠摄入咖啡因对妊娠和仔鼠神经反射能力的影响

摘要

目的:了解雌鼠因摄取咖啡因对胎鼠体质量及对仔鼠神经反射功能的影响.方法:成年昆明小鼠100只,雌雄按4∶1随机合笼,分为高、中及低实验组和对照组;实验组雌鼠分别给予100、25及6.25 mg/(kg·d)剂量咖啡因灌胃,对照组雌鼠给予等量双蒸水灌胃至孕鼠生产前;观察每组雌鼠生活状态,记录非受孕雌鼠合拢25 d的体质量、5个发情周期内受孕雌鼠数量及产仔数量,并于仔鼠出生1周时观察的仔鼠外形畸形情况及翻正实验达标时间.结果:与对照组比较,高、中实验组雌鼠的体质量增长率降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与对照组比较,随着咖啡因的摄入剂量增加,雌鼠受孕率、产仔数降低,死胎数和死胎率增加;高、中、低剂量组雌鼠受孕率低于对照组,死胎数及死胎率高于对照组(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01);高剂量组产仔数低于对照组(P＜0.05),仔鼠出生1周时未见外形畸形;高、中剂量组仔鼠平面翻正反射达标时间显著高于低剂量组和对照组(P＜0.01).结论:雌鼠孕前和孕期摄入咖啡因可明显抑制体质量增长并导致怀孕率下降、死胎率升高,且能一定程度的降低仔鼠神经反射能力.%Objective:To investigate the effects of female rats caffeine intaking on fetal development and nerve reflex of fetal rat.Methods:100 healthy adult KM rats,female∶ male =4∶ 1,were cohabited and divided into 4 groups randomly (high,medium,low experiment groups and control groups),5 cages of each group.The experiment female rats were given 100,25 and 6.25 mg/(kg · d) dosage caffeine for irrigation,while control group female rats were given equal volume of double distilled water for irrigation until childbirth.Observing the life state of the rats,recording the weight of female rats in the first 25 days、the number of the pregnant rats and the newborn rats in five estrus cycle.At 1st week of fetal rats,observing deformity and righting reflex test.Results:Comparing with the control group,the female rats of high and medium dose group had lower weight growth rate(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);comparing with control group,with the increment of caffeine dosage,pregnancy rate and new born rate were decreased while dead embryo number and fetal death rate were increased;pregnancy rate of high,medium and low dosage group female rats were lower than control group,dead embryo number and fetal death rate were higher than control group(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);new born numbers of high dosage group were lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05);fetal rats were not observed with deformity after 1 week of birth;high and medium dosage group fetal rats righting reflex time was obviously higher than low dosage group and control group(P ＜0.01).Conclusions:Female rats ingesting caffeine during pregnancy and before can obviously inhibit weight gain,decreasing pregnancy rate,inreasing stillbirth rate and reducing the ability of nerve reflex to a certain degree.