重质原油电脱盐脱水工艺优化分析

摘要

The electrochemical desalting and dewatering process is an important link in petroleum refining industry ,and the purpose is the removal of harmful metal of catalyst poisoning in the treatment process of crude oil .Salt and water in crude oil is not conducive to the crude oil storage ,transportation ,and processing ,instead ,affecting the quality of products ,causing great harm to equipment .This paper analyzes the source ,content ,form ,and harm of salt and water in crude oil ,and expounds the stability factors of crude oil and its dewatering and desalting mechanism .Through electrochemical experiments method ,this paper explains process conditions of crude oil electric desalting and dewatering device optimization ,investigating desalting temperature ,injection amount of flushing water and demulsifier ,mixing intensity for electric desalting and dewatering effect ,and stable operation of the device .%电化学脱盐脱水过程是原油加工的第一道工序，原油含盐含水不利于石油加工，会使催化剂中毒，影响产品质量，对设备造成很大的腐蚀危害。通过电化学实验研究了原油电脱盐脱水技术优化的工艺条件，探讨了脱盐温度、破乳剂和脱钙剂注入量等对电脱盐脱水效果的影响。优化试验得到：在60℃时，采用 NS －885破乳剂的脱水效果最好，与原油的质量比为300μg/g ；采用六偏磷酸钠的脱钙效果最好，与原油的质量比为100μg/g 。