检测金属离子的R-S-F结构型荧光分子传感器研究进展

摘要

Receptor-Spacer-Fluorophore(R-S-F)结构型荧光分子传感器是由可选择性结合客体的主体基团与传递信号的荧光团通过桥联基团连接而成的一类分子传感器,结合了超分子在分子识别中良好的选择性和荧光信号的高灵敏度两个优点,成为一类可用于检测金属离子并具巨大发展潜力的新型光学敏感材料.以超分子主体化合物冠醚、杯芳烃结构为分类依据,从主体基团选择性能角度综述了近5年已成功合成并用于金属离子检测的R-S-F型荧光分子传感器及其研究的最新进展.%Receptor-spacer-fluorophore(R-S-F type)fluorescent molecular sensors can be defined as a kind of molecules which contains three parts as host, fluorophore and linkage radical. The host part is ionophore which selectively recognizes guest,the fluorophore transmits messages,and the linkage radical is the bridge of the other two parts. R-S-F type fluorescent molecular sensors have two advantages as sensors for their good selectivity and sensitivity, and become a new means with good prospects in detecting metal ions. Based on different supermolec-ular host structures of crown ether,calixarene and porphyrin,from the angle of selectivity of those hosts,this article reviews characteristics and research progress of fluorescent molecular sensors for metal ions in recent five years,and concludes with the prospect of research direction and future development of fluorescent molecular sensors.