纳米双相复合永磁合金热压变形织构的研究进展

摘要

纳米双相永磁材料在热变形中难以获得R（Nd，Pr）2Fe14B相的易磁化轴晶体织构（磁织构），这成为提高材料磁性能所需解决的关键难题。通过添加Cu、Zn元素或施加大的单轴压应力等方法使得这种贫稀土的R—Fe-B合金在热压变形过程中获得了磁织构，并对磁织构的形成机制进行了研究。此外，在Nd—Fe—B永磁材料磁织构的分析表征上，开始应用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）新技术并积累了一定的经验，这将有助于热变形磁织构形成机理的研究。对上述两方面的研究进展进行了综述。%The easy magnetization axis crystal texture (magnetic texture) of R(Nd, Pr)2Fe14B phase is difficult to be obtained during the hot deformation of nanocomposite permanent magnets, which becomes a critical problem that needs to be solved for high performance of the magnets. Recently, by adding element Cu or Zn, as well as applying big single axis strain, the magnetic texture in die-upset R-lean Nd-Fe-B alloys has been achieved, and the texture formation mechanism has been researched. In addition, a new kind technology of electric backscattered diffraction (EBSD) has begun to be applied in charactering the magnetic texture of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets, and certain experiences have been accumulated, which will be helpful to the researches on the texture formation mechanism of die-upset R-lean Nd-Fe-B alloys. In this paper, these works are reviewed.