热力学深过冷熔体凝固组织非平衡效应的研究进展

摘要

热力学深过冷熔体的凝固是远离平衡的快速凝固，其凝固机制和凝固组织表现出与传统凝固不同的特点。热力学深过冷熔体凝固的非平衡效应主要表现在晶粒尺寸细化、亚稳相析出、调幅（Spinodal）分解、形成块体非晶等几个方面。在这些方面进行的探索与研究对研发新型高性能材料具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。近年来相关的研究发展较快。对在晶粒细化机制、亚稳相析出机制、调幅分解现象以及大块非晶的形成等方面研究的新进展进行了综述和分析。%The solidification of thermodynamic high undercooled melt is a kind of non-equilibrium rapid solidifi- cation, which exhibits unique solidification mechanism and microstructure characteristics compared with the conventional solidification. The non-equilibrium effects of solidification in thermodynamic high undercooled melt involve refinement of grain size, precipitation of metastable phases, spinodal decomposition and formation of bulk amorphous, etc. Researches on these aspects possess important theoretical significance and practical value for the development of new kind of high-performance materials. Related researches have progressed rapid- ly in recent years. In this paper, the research progresses on the refinement mechanism of microstructure, the precipitation mechanism of metastable phases, the phenomena of spinodal decomposition and the formation of big bulk amorphous were summarized and analyzed.