硅铝镁复配阻燃剂改性混合纤维发泡材料

摘要

探究改善混合纤维发泡材料阻燃性能的复配阻燃剂的制备工艺.以水玻璃、硫酸镁、硫酸铝为阻燃剂配方,设计正交试验制备试样,对改性材料燃烧性能如氧指数LOI、残炭率进行测试并分析,筛选出具有优良阻燃效果的阻燃剂配方.利用EDS分析元素分布,阻燃溶剂总量 180 mL,n(Al)(Mg)(SiO2)＝1∶0.5∶0.5,阻燃剂添加方式为分开添加,且镁盐铝盐先于硅酸盐加入,采用内添法,以此工艺制备的改性混合植物纤维发泡材料阻燃性能最佳.其中,阻燃剂的添加方式是影响实验试样燃烧性能最主要的因素,其次是复配成分浓度比例和阻燃剂添加量.结果表明,该配方改性试剂内添至作者研制的混合生物质纤维发泡材料中,试样的极限 LOI 值达3 5 .3%,材料的燃烧等级可至"难燃",阻燃性能得到明显改善,优于其他学者所做实验.%In order to explore the preparation process of improving the flame retardancy of mixed fiber foamed material,the samples were prepared by taking water glass,magnesium sulfate and aluminum sulfate as flame retardant formulations through orthogonal test.The specimen combustibility such as oxygen index LOI and car-bon residue rate were tested and analyzed.Finally the flame retardant formulations with excellent flame retar-dancy were screened out.EDS is used to analyze the distribution of elements.The results showed that total amount of flame retardant solvent was180 mL and mole ratio of Al/Mg/SiO2 was 1∶0.5∶0.5.The way of adding water glass solution,aluminum sulfate and magnesium sulfate as flame retardant is an application of in-ternal addition method.The preparation of the flame retardancy of flame retardant mixed plant fiber foam mate-rial by this process is best.The addition mode of the flame retardant is the most important factor affecting the combustion performance of the sample,and the second one is the proportion of compound composition and the addition of flame retardants.When adding the formula to the mixed biomass fiber foaming material developed by the author,the limit LOI value of the sample is 32.3%,the combustion grade of the material can be "hard to burn",and the flame retardancy is improved obviously,which is superior to the experiments done by other scholars.