近年来,针对锂离子空气电池,国内外学者进行了大量实验和建模等当面的研究,其中多相传输是研究中的重点和难点.为更好的研究锂空气电池的反应机理,对电池反应过程中的多相传输过程进行了深入的研究.多相传输现象涉及氧溶解和氧析出两个方面:(1)锂离子在液体电解质以及电子在固体电极材料和多孔结构中的耦合反应;(2)其它诸多反应,特别是电池放电过程中放电产物在多孔阴极表面的生长.探讨的重点涉及固体产物的形貌、空隙堵塞效应、比表面积的减少和钝化效应,同时对宏观连续模型进行介绍,目的是对这些方法的有效性和局限性作进行综合的概述.为更好的理解多相传输现象机理以及锂空气中阴极产物的结构貌,给出了详细的解释和建议.%In recent years,a large number of experiments and modeling studies have been conducted on lithium-ion air batteries by domestic and foreign scholars.Among them,multiphase transmission is the key and difficult point in the research.In order to better study the reaction mechanism of lithium-air battery,the multiphase transmission process during battery reaction has been studied deeply.The phenomena of heterogeneous trans-port involve two aspects of oxygen dissolution and oxygen precipitation:(1)the coupling reaction of lithium i-ons in the liquid electrolyte and the electrons in the solid electrode material and the porous structure,and (2) other reactions,in particular,growth of the discharge product on the porous cathode surface during discharge of the battery.The focus of the discussion is on the morphology of the solid product,the clogging effect of the voids,the reduction of the specific surface area and the passivation effect.At the same time,the macroscopical-ly continuous model is introduced in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the effectiveness and limita-tions of these methods.In order to better understand the mechanism of heterogeneous transport phenomena and the appearance of cathode products in lithium air,detailed explanations and suggestions are given.
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