淀粉/聚乳酸可生物降解复合材料相容界面构建研究进展

摘要

淀粉/聚乳酸(淀粉/PLA)可生物降解复合材料的开发能够缓解塑料工业对石油资源的依赖性和从根本上解决传统塑料所带来的"白色污染"问题.对淀粉与 PLA 之间的相容界面性进行构建,可以有效提高淀粉/PLA复合材料的机械性能、耐水性能和熔融加工性能等.概述了淀粉/PLA的界面特性和构建机理,从淀粉塑化改性、增容剂改性、淀粉疏水改性和PLA亲水改性4个方面综述了淀粉/PLA复合材料相容界面构建进展.针对淀粉/PLA复合材料在构建方法和构建机理等方面研究的不足,提出了进一步开展研究的建议.%The development of starch/poly (lactic acid)(starch/PLA)biodegradable composite materials can al-leviate the dependence of the plastic industry on the oil resources,and fundamentally solve the problem of"white pollution"caused by traditional plastics.The mechanical properties,water resistance and melt proces-sability of starch/PLA composites can be effectively improved by the compatible interface constructed between starch and PLA.This paper summarizes the interface characteristics and construction mechanism of starch/PLA,and reviews the development of compatible interface in starch/PLA composites from the modification of starch,the modification of compatibilizer,the hydrophobic modification of starch and the hydrophilic modifica-tion of PLA.In view of the shortcomings of the research on construction methods and construction mechanism of starch/PLA composite materials,some suggestions for further research are put forward.