湖北红椿天然居群表型变异地理趋势面研究

摘要

为揭示湖北地区红椿天然居群叶与种实表型性状变异趋势与地理分布区的关系,采用均值与标准差、变异系数、变异幅度等指标对湖北红椿(Toona ciliata Roem.)天然居群叶片及种实表型地理变异进行研究.结果表明:湖北红椿10个叶片表型性状和12个种实表型性状均存在显著差异; 叶尖角2次地理趋势面方程拟合度达88.13％; 果纵径和种纵径4次趋势面拟合度分别达 99.77％和 99.52％,其他性状 2 次趋势面拟合度分别为:果大小指数 93.40％、单果重95.34％、单种重95.00％,种大小指数为94.46％; F值检验表明趋势面拟合达显著水平; 其它叶片、种实表型性状趋势面拟合方程不显著.红椿表型性状与环境因子相关分析表明:经度与大部分表型性状相关性显著; 无霜期、年平均温度与红椿表型性状相关性较高; 纬度、海拔与红椿表型相关性较低; 叶尖角、果纵径、单果重、单种重是较为重要和关键的表型性状.湖北红椿叶片、种实表型变异表现为一定连续性,存在显著地理经度变异模式.%The research objective was to reveal the correlation between phenotypic variance trend of Toona ciliata leaf,fruit and seed in the natural populations of Hubei Province.Mean value,standard deviation,coefficient of variation and variation range of phenotypic characters of T.ciliata leaf,fruit and seed were analyzed,and geographic trend surface fitting equations for such phenotypic variances were also established.The result indicated that there were significant differences of 10 leaf phenotypic traits and 12 phenotypic traits of fruit and seed in different natural populations;geographic trend surface analysis showed that the fitting degree of quadratic equation of trend surface of leaf apex angle was 88.13％;the fitting degree of quartic equation of trend surface of fruit length and seed length were 99.77％and 99.52％,while the fitting degree of quadratic equation of trend surface of fruit size index,individual fruit weight,individual seed weight and seed size index were 93.40％,95.34％,95.00％and 94.46％,respectively;F value test of the trend surface fitting equations reached significant difference; the fitting degree of trend surface equations of the rest phenotypic traits were insignificant.The correlation analysis showed that the correlation between longitude and most phenotypic traits were significantly related;frost-free period and annual average temperature were highly relative with the phenotypic traits;the correlation between latitude and the phenotypic traits,and that between altitude and the phenotypic traits were relatively low; leaf apex angle,fruit length,single fruit weight and single seed weight were the important and key phenotypic traits.The research revealed that the phenotypic variation of T.ciliata leaf,fruit and seed presented certain continuity,and that there was a significant geographical variation tendency.