不同处理青贮甘蔗梢的品质评价及其在妊娠山羊的饲喂效果

摘要

Feed utilization of sugarcane top is of great significance to promote the development of herbivorous husbandry in tropic and subtropics. Little was known about the application of sugarcane top in pregnant goats. To investigate nutrient value of sugarcane top by different modulation methods(adding ferment,urea and silage separately) and its effect on characteristic of newborn kidlets, hormones,serum biochemical indexes and colostrum components in goats at late period of gestation,nutritional composition and sen-sory indexes of different treatments were evaluated. Forty pregnant goats (from day 80 of pregnancy to delivery) were randomly as-signed to 4 groups. The goats in the control group were fed by total mixed ration with 49% concentrate and 51% roughage (corn straw silage). Corn straw silage in the other three groups were replaced by 1/3,2/3 and 3/3 sugarcane top silage,respectively. The goats were fed from day 80 of pregnancy to delivery. The results showed that:nutrient value and sensory indexes of sugarcane top si-lage separately and adding ferment were better than that of adding urea. The average daily dry matter intake,birth weight of 51% si-lage sugarcane top group is significantly higher than the control group. Average daily gain of 90-120 d and litter birth weight were significantly increased in all silage sugarcane top groups (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in body measurement of newborn kidlets,serum biochemical indexes and reproductive hormones(estrogens,progesterone,prolactin). With the rise in pro-portion of sugarcane top silage, content of colostrum protein increased, and the 51% sugarcane top silage group increased signifi-cantly (P<0.05). Thus,the better methods of sugarcane top are silage separately,and silage sugarcane top in late-gestation goat di-ets could promote prenatal development to some extent.%选择配种日期相近的健康妊娠山羊40只(妊娠80 d±3 d),随机分成4组,每组10只.各组精饲料相同,在51%的粗饲料中分别以青贮甘蔗梢替代0、1/3、2/3和3/3的青贮鲜食玉米秸,即全混合日粮中甘蔗梢的比例分别为0、17%、34%和51%,饲喂至产羔,比较添加发酵剂、尿素和单独青贮对"青皮果蔗"甘蔗梢感官指标和营养成分的影响,并研究不同比例青贮甘蔗梢替代青贮鲜食玉米秸的全混合日粮在妊娠后期山羊上的饲喂效果.结果表明:甘蔗梢单独青贮组和添加发酵剂青贮组的感官指标评分均优于添加尿素组,添加发酵剂对青贮品质的改善效果不明显;17%、34%和51%甘蔗梢组的妊娠母羊90~120 d日增重、羔羊初生窝重均显著高于青贮鲜食玉米秸组(P<0.05),且51%甘蔗梢组母羊的干物质采食量和羔羊初生重显著高于青贮鲜食玉米秸组;甘蔗梢组初生羔羊体尺指标有升高的趋势,但差异均不显著(P>0.05);各组母羊血浆生化指标及雌激素、催乳素、孕激素等生殖激素水平均无显著差异(P>0.05);随着甘蔗梢比例的增加,母羊初乳的乳蛋白含量升高,其中,51%甘蔗梢组显著升高(P<0.05).表明甘蔗梢适宜单独青贮,无需添加发酵剂或尿素,在山羊妊娠后期的饲粮中可以完全替代青贮鲜食玉米秸,并可在一定程度上改善羔羊初生指标和母羊初乳成分.