代主持人语国家治理的系统工程视角--民主与集中的张力

摘要

A nation or state can be seen as a system so it is reasonable to discuss issues on national govern-ance from the perspective of system engineering. In the process of transformation from government to governance, how to build and keep the tension between democracy and centralism is a key issue, which asks for a major trans-formation of government functions and expansion of mass democracy. National governance needs the instruction of state theory. After reviewing the national theory of bourgeoisie and Marxism, this article puts forward advice to research the national theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics and so to solve problems in practice. The highest value of National governance system should be that people are masters of the country and really in power. In socialist states, bureaucratism and bourgeois rights are the biggest obstacles of above value. Social governance should form such a situation that government and social organization support each other and share responsibility for social good governance.%国家是一个开放的复杂巨系统，从系统工程视角探讨国家治理的一些学理问题。由统治到治理，国家治理体系如何保持民主与集中的张力是亟待解决的重要问题，意味着政府职能的重大转变及大众民主的深化与扩大。国家治理体系需要国家理论的指导，在回顾资产阶级国家理论及马克思主义国家理论的基础上，建议研究当代中国特色社会主义的国家理论，以回答国家治理实践中的诸多问题。“人民当家作主”应当是我国国家治理体系的最高价值目标，也是最根本的政治目标，有必要探讨这一目标的实现形式。在社会主义国家，官僚主义以及由此衍生的资产阶级法权是这一目标的最大障碍。基层社会治理应当是政府他组织与基层自组织的有机结合，是政府顶层设计、指导服务与基层组织承担责任的有机统一，以此实现社会良法善治。