日本交通运输体系完善,轨道交通、公路网络四通八达,海运居世界前列,航空服务水平高.当前,日本交通行业面临巨大挑战,人口出生率低、老龄人口快速增长,直接导致中小城镇人口下降速度过快.据预测,到2050年,日本1/3的中小城镇将消失.此外,日本还存在交通基础设施老化严重,防灾减灾压力大,2020年奥运会筹建时间紧等问题.为解决上述问题,日本新出台了《国土交通政策基本规划》,从社会整体层面出发,综合考量日本交通的实际问题,提出重新规划日本的交通运输体系,注重地域间交通的整合和完善,加大力度进行基础设施改造,定性定量设定了56项需要完成的主要指标.未来,日本的交通运输体系将提供安全、便捷、人性化、无障碍为主要特点的更高水平交通运输服务.%Japan has an excellent transport system. Its rail and road network extents in all direction, its ship-ping is in the high level, and its aviation service is the greatest in the world. At present, Japan's transport industry faces some enormous challenges, such as low birth rate, the rapid growth of aging population, which led directly the population of small town decreases excessively. It is predicted that, to 2050, 1/3 small towns will disappear in Japan. In addition, there are still serious problems in Japan, such as aging of transport infrastructure, the pressure of disaster prevention and reduction, the construction time pressure of the 2020 Olympic Game. To solve the above problems, Japan newly formulated "basic plan of land transportation policy", starting from the social overall level with the comprehensive consideration of the traffic problems in Japan. It proposed that re-plan the transpor-tation system of Japan should pay attention to the integration and improvement of regional and put more efforts to rebuild infrastructure, and qualitatively and quantitatively set up 56 main index needed to be done. In the future, transport system in Japan will achieve a higher level of transport services with the main characteristics of safe, convenient, user-friendly and accessibility.
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